By Kate Hawkins
The recent call for more of a focus on people centred health systems and the devastating effects of Ebola in West Africa have brought communities to the forefront of the attention of decision makers. REACHOUT, along with our sister consortia ReBUILD and COUNTDOWN, are part of a growing group of health systems researchers who are trying to provide guidance to those grappling with health systems strengthening in Ebola-affected countries. Most recently we have provided written evidence to the UK All Party Parliamentary Group on Africa under their call for inputs on community-led health systems and Ebola.
Communities play a largely unrecognised, unrewarded and unsupported role in health systems around the world. There are many families and community structures (such as local governments and schools) which perform tasks which are central to good health. Yet they are rarely factored into health system planning and their views tend not to influence policy and practice in this area.
Close-to-community providers of health care (such as community health workers (CHWs)) live and work within their communities, visiting people in their homes and workplaces every day, they can have a vital role in informing realistic healthcare policies that deliver results at community level. However even when their health promotion and delivery activities are recognised, for example in some CHW initiatives, they are often working in sub-optimal circumstances and are poorly linked to, and managed by formal health programmes. This has led to a disconnect between healthcare policy and the workers delivering healthcare services directly to individuals, families, and communities. This disconnect has resulted in loss of motivation and problems with health worker retention and ultimately an additional disconnect between service users in the community and health facilities resulting in a decrease in service utilisation. In Ebola-affected countries this is exacerbated by poor infrastructure, inadequate skilled health workforce which was further depleted by loss of health care workers to the illness, health systems which were already struggling and unresponsive in a post-conflict context, and Ebola-stigma against front-line workers.
Photo credit: ©EC/ECHO/Cyprien Fabre https://www.flickr.com/photos/69583224@N05/14700430098
This project is funded by the European Union.